Antimicrobial Resistant: The Rise of Untreatable Infections are Humanity's Silent Executioners

When I published article "Superbug Pandamic and how to prevent them" in 2016, and published it in the American Interest, World Health Organisation (WHO), the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the NHS(UK), the World Leaders and even doctors, did not give any importances, nor acted. In this article I made it clear the only solution is Maya.

I was shocked to when senior scientists, leaders, doctors and decision makers in WHO, and CDC appeared on TV and bluntly denayed any knowledge about new strain of viruses can occur, spread and kill millions. Based on an illusion of theoritical idealism, without understanding the practical realities of managing infections imposed quarantein, and lockdowns that ripped appart families, bankrupted business and nations. 

As I said, majority of people who died during COVID-19 Pandemics were killed by Secondry Infections caused by ARM, because sepsis and multi-organ failure is only associated with bacteria, and not viruses. 

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which includes antibiotic resistance, occurs when germs like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites change over time and no longer respond to the medicines used to treat them. This means that antibiotics and other drugs become ineffective, and infections become increasingly complex or impossible to treat. AMR is now considered one of humanity's top global public health and development threats. Bacterial AMR was estimated to be directly responsible for 1.27 million global deaths in 2019 and contributed to 4.95 million deaths. The increasing number of infections due to multidrug-resistant organisms, sometimes called "superbugs," is growing faster than the development of new antibiotics.

This loss of antibiotic effectiveness threatens to return humanity to a time when a simple cut could become life-threatening. It puts many of the gains of modern medicine at risk, making procedures like surgery, caesarean sections, and cancer chemotherapy much riskier. The sources highlight that while antibiotics have been the backbone of modern medicine, saving millions of lives and making essential health services safer, the miracle of these drugs is now slipping away. A world without effective antibiotics, sometimes referred to as the "post-antibiotic apocalypse," would also impact the food chain, as animals and plants would become ill and die.

How Did We Get Here? The Role of Antibiotic Abuse

The primary driver in developing drug-resistant pathogens is the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials in humans, animals, and plants. Humans are frequently cited as having "ruined" antibiotics through reckless actions.

Key contributing factors to antibiotic abuse include:

Lack of Awareness and Knowledge: 

People lack awareness about how to take medicines correctly. They may exchange prescription medicine, use leftover medication, or consider media and friends as credible sources for medical information.

Inappropriate Prescribing by Healthcare Professionals: 

Doctors, nurses, and chemists contribute to the overuse of antimicrobials. This includes prescribing antibiotics without knowing the underlying cause of illness, being willing to prescribe to ill-informed individuals who believe antibiotics can cure nearly all diseases (even viral infections like the common cold), and prescribing antibiotics even when no bacterial infection is detected, such as was often done during the COVID-19 pandemic. Financial incentives and misconceptions can also contribute to this. Prescriptions for antibiotics have been given for conditions usually of viral origin.

Self-Medication: 

Using antimicrobials without a prescription is another driving force leading to overuse.

Overuse in Agriculture: There has been an enormous increase in the use of antimicrobials in the animal health sector. These drugs are often used not only to treat and prevent infection but also to promote rapid growth. Giving antibiotics to animals without veterinary supervision contributes to this problem.

Over-reliance on Antibiotics as Prevention: Using antibiotics as a cure instead of focusing on preventing infection in the first place leads to over-dependence.

Use of Low-Dose or Non-Lethal Quantities: 

Alexander Fleming, the discoverer of penicillin, worried as early as 1945 that exposing microbes to concentrations "insufficient to kill them" could make them resistant. This can happen through underdosing by patients or using low-dose antibiotics, spirits, alcohol hand wash, and antibiotic creams or drops, which can kill harmless bacteria while allowing resistant bacteria to flourish.

Antibiotics apply selective pressure, making it more likely that bacteria with resistance mechanisms will survive and multiply, creating new resistant strains. Resistance can arise through spontaneous mutation, horizontal gene transfer (where bacteria share resistance genes), and increased selective pressure from antibiotic overuse.

Abusing "Sanatizers" without observing drying time, and low quantity help developing resistance and colonisation of bacteria, and fungus on hands, kitchen, tolits and even cloths. It will be impossable to sterlize bed linin, and equipments in the hospitals increasing the risk of contracting ARM infection in the hospitalised patients. This will not oly affect inpatients but also people who are immune compromised, depressed or patients with viral infections. 

Doctors, nurses and their equipments, mobile phones, cloths and even hand bags are said to be colonised with ARM, and this will escilate making them behave like vectors. I know the hospital workers, doctor and nurses will be the "Modern Untocuchables"

What Can Be Done? Options to Prevent the Crisis

Preventing the "post-antibiotic era" requires urgent action and a multi-faceted approach involving individuals, healthcare systems, agriculture, and global cooperation.

Strategies and options highlighted in the sources include:

Individual Actions:

• Take antibiotics only when prescribed by a certified health professional for a bacterial infection.
• Complete the full course of antibiotics, even if symptoms improve. Stopping early can leave a residual infection that could become resistant.
• Never share antibiotics with others or use leftover prescriptions.
• Prevent infections by regularly cleaning hands, preparing food hygienically, avoiding close contact with sick people, and keeping vaccinations up-to-date. Keep cuts clean and covered, and manage chronic conditions. Practising basic hygiene helps prevent the spread of resistant bacteria.
• Obtain health information from reliable sources like the World Health Organisation (WHO).
• Do not ask for antibiotics if they are not offered.

Healthcare Actions:

• Implement Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs): These programs promote the appropriate use of antimicrobials to ensure sustainable access to effective therapy. This includes limiting antibiotic use to bacterial infections, avoiding broad-spectrum antibiotics and unauthorised combinations, and ensuring correct dosage and duration.
• Prescribe and dispense antibiotics only when truly needed, and prescribe the right antibiotic for the illness.
• Adhere to the five rights of drug administration (right patient, drug, dose, route, time).
• Take microbiological samples for culture and sensitivity testing before treatment when indicated.
• Enhance infection prevention and control in healthcare settings.
• Reduce inappropriate prescribing.
• The CDC promotes judicious use of antibiotics through campaigns like "Get Ahead of Sepsis".

Agricultural Actions:

• Limit or phase out antimicrobials in animals and farming, especially for growth promotion or disease prevention without veterinary supervision.
• Countries must develop and implement legislation and policies to reduce antibiotic use in food animals. Phasing out the use of animal growth promotion should be a global goal.

Global and Systemic Actions:

• Use effective communication, education, and training to spread awareness and understanding of antimicrobial resistance.
• Implement global action plans to tackle the problem. The WHO endorsed a global action plan in 2015, and world leaders recently approved a commitment to reduce deaths from bacterial AMR by 10% by 2030.
• Adopt a One Health approach, rerecognizing the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health.
• Strengthen resistance-tracking and laboratory capacity.
• Regulate and promote the appropriate use of medicines.
• Foster innovation and research and development (R&D) for new tools such as novel vaccines, diagnostics, and medicines. In the face of rising resistance, the R&D pipeline is inadequate.
• Promote cooperation and information sharing among all stakeholders.
• Address environmental factors contributing to AMR spread, such as pollution.
• Reduce unintentional exposure and the need for antimicrobials.
• Ensure universal access to quality diagnosis and appropriate treatment of infections.

Investigate alternative strategies beyond developing more antibiotics, such as rapid testing, vaccines, antibody therapy, alternating therapy, rediscovery of ancient treatments, and phage therapy.

Everyone must treat these crucial medicines carefully to avoid a potential "post-antibiotic era." Acting urgently and together is necessary to contain this global threat and safeguard the future".